Should Private Schools be Abolished?

In this essay I am going to be looking at whether private schools should be abolished. After seeing the Labour Party debating this issue in their Party conference in September 2019, I was shocked and very surprised. This is because I have spent my whole schooling life in private education and for Labour to propose abolishing private schools, I think is very worrying for a privately educated pupil, such as myself.

The Shadow Chancellor, John McDonnell, announced this plan and called it ‘Abolish Eton^[1]’ stating that he wants an integrated education system¹.

I believe that the reason John McDonell proposed this plan, is according tot he Independent Schools Council, 6.5% of UK children are privately educated, compared to 15% for sixth form pupils. He said that “Our society is grotesquely unequal... part of the reason is because of the inequalities in education..large amounts of money are spent on a privileged few.”¹

In this essay, I will be looking at whether John McDonnell’s argument is fair and whether there is a correlation of attending private school and having more advantages.  Are the differences between private and state education and the differences of state education and if abolishing private schools would make these opportunities available to all.

In September 2019, Labour held their annual Party conference in Brighton. The shadow education secretary, Angela Rayner, said that a Labour government would scrap the ‘tax loopholes’ benefitting private schools^[2]. This drew a mixed response from teachers with 41% supporting this motion and 36%² opposed to it.

One teacher who is opposed to this idea is Peter Green headteacher of Rugby School, a private school in Warwickshire^[3]. Green said that this scheme would force him to warn his support staff that they may become unemployed and the school could be forced to shut³. He warned that this could also ruin the town of Rugby. He stated that the school is the town’s largest employer and provides in excess of £30 million to the local community each year³.

If these figures are correct it shows how a private educational establishment can benefit, not only the pupils attending, but the wider community. This Labour policy would not only affect pupils attending private schools, but also those employed by it and potentially those living in surrounding areas.

These plans are supported by the Labour chairman, Ian Lavery^[4]. He said that fee-paying schools were ‘incompatible’ with Labour’s pledge to promote ‘social justice’.⁴  The Labour Party believe that everyone should have an equal start in life, and private schooling will give an unfair advantage. 

It is reported that there is already far too much pressure on our state education system.  In 2014, over 4000 state school headteachers had to write to parents warning that there wasn’t enough funding for their school to run as efficiently as it could^[5]. Despite this information coming from an unfamiliar source, from what I have read in the news, I believe that this information is accurate. In these letters, the headteachers warn that children who live in poorer areas do not have the same resources available to them as those who live in more well-off areas⁵. I agree that it is unfair that some people have very limited opportunities at school. However, I believe that if private schools were abolished,  these problems would be exacerbated.

At the moment, the average student to teacher ratio at private school is 12:1, compared to a state school where it is 16:1.^[6]  Average class sizes in state schools are 25 compared to private schools where there is an average of 19.5 students per class.⁶ If another 650,000 students joined the state system, these figures would increase to an unmanageable amount. Therefore, I think that before the Labour Party consider abolishing private schools, there is a need for massive financial investment into the state education system.

A factor that may affect this, could be because the UK is one of the most expensive places in the world to get a degree.⁵ For example, the average university fees in the UK is £9.3k compared to £3.0k in Russia, £2.7k in China and £2.3k in India.^[7]

One proposal in which 10 grammar schools are trying to address their financial issues are by teaching thousands of Chinese students at their schools, resulting in a saving of £40,000 a year for each school.^[8] The suggested charge per pupil is £2,000 for one sixth former for a six month stay⁷. These grammar schools are hoping that the money they make from this plan, would pay for more teachers in their schools.

The plans drawn up by these schools would also see 500 Chinese teachers being brought to the UK to be trained in British teaching methods.⁷ I believe that this information is very reliable as I extracted it from the distinguished and reliable newspaper, The Daily Telegraph. Therefore, if this scheme comes to fruition, it could be a good additional source of income for the state school sector. This increase in income for state schools will only enhance their pupils’ education. However, if the private schools were abolished as by proposed by the Labour Party, people could claim that grammar schools are elitist, and grammar schools would be the only schools that require pupils to sit an entrance exam to be offered a place, which will make them the only selective schools. The already fierce competition to secure a place at grammar school could become even more competitive and over-subscribed.^[9]

Teachers working in the private education sector earn roughly 10% more than those who teach in the state sector.^[10] If private schools were abolished and the teachers decided to teach in state schools, this could mean that they would have to take a pay cut in order to carry on teaching, or decide whether they would prefer a different career.

In November 2019, state education teachers argued that their pay was so low, that they needed a pay rise due to their pay falling “relentlessly since 2010, with a drop of 15% against RPI inflation.”^[11]

It appears that there is a larger percentage of newly qualified teachers teaching within the private sector⁶; 16% of the teachers at private schools are newly qualified compared to the 11% at state schools⁶ and this could be because they are attracted by the higher wages. Additionally, there could be an argument that the teaching at state schools is better, because 48% of the teachers in this sector have a masters degree, compared to 36% at private schools.⁶

It is argued that privately educated pupils may have a better chance of securing a place at one of the leading universities than pupils who attend comprehensive schools. In 2014, 5.2% of independent pupils were accepted to Oxbridge, compared with 0.8% of comprehensive pupils.^[12] These figures, reported by the BBC in September 2019,¹³ may indicate that there is an unfair advantage to private school pupils, as they have a higher admissions rate. However, the counter argument is that this could be because they might have received a better education and thus have attained better exam results than their state school peers. In the same report, the BBC said that UK children who are privately educated are likely to earn almost £200,000 more between the ages of 26 and 42¹¹.

At the age of 34, the privately educated pupils will have earned about 43% more per hour compared to a state educated pupils ¹¹. What is not shown in this report, is what career these people are doing. It could be that the privately educated pupils were working in a job that had a higher rate of pay.

A more recent article written in September 2019 said that the state school pupils made up 68% of Cambridge University's total students.^[13] This could be the result of Cambridge University launching a new scheme in recent years that ensures more university places are for children from disadvantaged backgrounds.¹² The scheme came as a result of Cambridge University wanting one in three students coming from ‘under-represented and disadvantaged’ backgrounds.¹² This has resulted in some controversy because it could potentially be seen as discriminatory to private school pupils and this is not fair either.

It is estimated that 41,000 children are financially assisted by private schools in the form of bursaries.^[14] This shows that private schools are working to help give as many children as possible a private education by giving them a chance of attending a private school. This means that children, who may not ordinarily have had the financial means of attending private school, may now have the opportunity of doing so. However in later life, a bursury student may want to apply to a university such as Cambridge and if the universities continue to increase their applicants from state schools, there is the risk that the university may not offer a place to a bursury student, as they attended a private school. Therefore, I feel that universities, especially Oxbridge, should review their plans for applicants.

I think that it would be a mistake for the Labour Party to abolish private schools. We live in a democratic society with Freedom of Choice, and by abolishing private schools this choice is being taken away.  As of 11 May 2015, 17% of Labour MP’s went to private school^[15] and is it, I believe, hypocritical of them to want to abolish the very establishments that they were educated in. These MP’s have had the benefit of attending private school, but now feel that they should take this opportunity away from children. Additionally, 32% of all MP’s in parliament had private education¹⁴. I hope that if a Bill aiming to abolish private schools was ever brought to the Houses of Parliament, it would not make it through the House of Commons to become law.

I believe that the Labour Party’s manifesto to abolish private schools should be scrapped. I think if the 650,000⁶ previously privated educated students entered the state system, it would put immense pressure on the education system and carries the risk of lowering the state education system standards. It is known that private schools have also provided investment funding and services for the public sector schools, so these schools would have more pupils and potentially less money.^[16]

This could be catastrophic to the education of every child in the country and could even lead to a full or partial collapse of the education system, which is a worrying thought for everyone in this country. There will always be the argument that private schools are elitist, but I honestly do not think that abolishing private schools would lead to a fairer and more equal education for every child.

Bibliography

Labour delegates vote for plan that would abolish private schools, Richard Adams and Kate Proctor, The Guardian, 22 September 2019

Bursaries, Best- Schools

‘Almost a third of MPs went to private school’ Judith Burns, 11 May 2015

‘Margaret Thatcher mining crisis’ will occur if Labour abolishes private schools, head of £36,000-a-year school says”,  Eleanor Busby, The Independent, 6 October 2019

State school numbers rise at Cambridge, Sean Coughlan, BBC News, 9 September 2019

Teachers Salaries Get into Teaching, Department for Education

Output-based education : the evolution of contracts for schools in the UK, David Goldstone, 30 June 2001

British grammar schools target pupils from China for cash boost, Sian Griffiths, The Sunday Times, 5 October 2019

Yearly university fees around the world, Georgia-Rose Johnson, finder.com, 19 September 2018

Private School vs. Public School; Facts, Benefits & Statistics,  Hudson Lindenberger, 26 July 2019

Labour chairman urges members to back plan to abolish private schools, Edward Malnick, The Telegraph, 7 September 2019

Labour’s John McDonnell backs motion to scrap private schools, Jim Pickard, Financial Times, 18 September 2019

‘Salary premium’ for private school pupils, Katherine Sellgren, BBC News, 3 July 2014

The 3 Biggest Problems with the Education System in the UK,  Shout Out UK, 19 July 2018

Unions ‘desperate’ call for more teacher pay, Dave Speck, TES, 18 November 2019

^[1] "Labour's John McDonnell backs motion to scrap private schools." 18 Sep. 2019, https://www.ft.com/content/4847b6d8-da02-11e9-8f9b-77216ebe1f17. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[2] "Labour delegates vote for plan that would abolish private ...." 22 Sep. 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/education/2019/sep/22/labour-delegates-vote-in-favour-of-abolishing-private-schools. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[3] "Margaret Thatcher mining crisis - The Independent." 6 Oct. 2019, https://www.independent.co.uk/news/education/education-news/labour-abolish-private-schools-margaret-thatcher-mining-crisis-rugby-peter-green-a9143431.html. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[4] "Labour chairman urges members to back plan to abolish ...." https://www.telegraph.co.uk/politics/2019/09/07/labour-chairman-urges-members-back-plan-abolish-private-schools/. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[5] "The 3 Biggest Problems With The Education System In The UK." https://www.shoutoutuk.org/2018/07/20/the-3-biggest-problems-with-the-education-system-in-the-uk/. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[6] "Private School vs. Public School: Facts, Benefits & Statistics." 26 Jul. 2019, https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/private-school-vs-public-school-182646593.html. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[7] "The cost of university around the world - Finder.com." 19 Sep. 2018, https://www.finder.com/uk/world-cost-of-university. Accessed 20 Jan. 2020.

^[8] "British grammar schools target pupils from China for cash boost." https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/british-grammar-schools-target-pupils-from-china-for-cash-boost-9tzbcttxt. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[9]

^[10] "Teachers' salaries - Get Into Teaching - Department for ...." https://getintoteaching.education.gov.uk/teachers-salary-and-teaching-benefits/teachers-pay-scale-salary. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[11] "Unions' 'desperate' call for more teacher pay - Tes." 18 Nov. 2019, https://www.tes.com/news/unions-desperate-call-more-teacher-pay. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[12] "'Salary premium' for private school pupils - BBC News." https://www.bbc.com/news/education-28125416. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[13] "State school numbers rise at Cambridge - BBC News - BBC.com." https://www.bbc.com/news/education-49614294. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[14] "Bursaries - School Fee Assistance - Bursaries | Best Schools." https://www.best-schools.co.uk/our-services/school-fees-advice/bursaries/. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[15] "'Almost a third of MPs went to private school' - BBC News." 11 May. 2015, https://www.bbc.com/news/education-32692789. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.

^[16] "Output-based education : the evolution of contracts for schools ...." http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/294981468761417690/Output-based-education-the-evolution-of-contracts-for-schools-in-the-U-K. Accessed 6 Dec. 2019.